麦肯锡：美国工作的未来（124页）
麦肯锡发布了新报告“美国工作的未来”。在未来十年内，4/10的年轻工人（年龄在18岁到34岁之间）会因自动化而失业。总体而言，1470万美国年轻人将因自动化失业。食品准备预计将是年轻工人失业的最大领域之一，未来十年将失去804000个工作岗位。对于50岁以上的人来说，行政支持工作，将是受自动化影响最严重的，如秘书和文书工作，仅在这两个职位之间就会有近100万名年长的工人被取代。现在的美国劳动力市场看起来与20年前明显不同。它已被重大衰退等大事件所重塑，但也因工作组合和地点的不断变化而改变。在未来的十年里，下一波技术可能会加速变革的步伐。即使创造了新的工作岗位，也会逐步取消数百万个工作岗位。更广泛地说，随着智能机器成为美国工作场所的固定设备，几乎每个人的日常工作性质都可能发生变化。根据麦肯锡对美国3000多个县和315个城市的分析发现，它们走在截然不同的道路上。自大衰退以来，25个特大城市和高增长中心，加上它们的周边地区，创造了大部分的就业增长。相比之下，美国1/4的人口所在的54个落后城市和大约2000个农村县的劳动力年龄越来越大，规模越来越小，失业率更高，教育程度更低。在劳动力流动性处于历史低点的时候，自动化技术可能会扩大这些差距。劳动力市场可能会变得更加两极分化。拥有高中或以下学历的工人被自动化取代的可能性是拥有学士学位的工人的四倍。西班牙裔工人的失业风险最大，其次是非洲裔。因此年轻人需要新的职业道路才能在职场中获得初步立足点。http://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0001-14.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0002-13.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0003-13.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0004-13.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0005-13.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0006-13.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0007-13.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0008-13.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0009-13.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0010-13.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0011-13.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0012-13.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0013-13.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0014-12.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0015-11.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0016-11.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0017-10.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0018-10.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0019-10.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0020-9.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0021-10.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0022-10.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0023-9.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0024-7.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0025-8.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0026-7.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0027-7.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0028-6.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0029-7.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0030-6.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0031-7.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0032-6.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0033-5.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0034-5.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0035-5.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0036-4.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0037-5.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0038-5.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0039-4.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0040-3.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0041-4.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0042-2.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0043-4.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0044-4.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0045-3.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0046-2.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0047-3.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0048-3.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0049-2.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0050-3.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0051-2.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0052-3.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0053-3.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0054-3.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0055-1.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0057-2.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0059-2.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0060-2.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0061-2.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0062-2.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0063-1.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0064-2.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0065-1.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0066-1.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0067-1.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0068-1.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0069-1.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0070.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0071-1.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0072-1.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0073-1.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0074-1.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0075-1.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0076-1.jpghttp://www.199it.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/0077-1.jpghttp: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